ASTM D7463-21 - Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and Fuel Associated Water
Standard Test Method for Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Content of Microorganisms in Fuel, Fuel/Water Mixtures, and Fuel Associated Water
| Standard number: | D7463-21 |
| Released: | 01.04.2021 |
| Status: | Active |
| Pages: | 8 |
| Section: | 05.04 |
| Keywords: | adenosine triphosphate; assay; ATP; ATP Bioluminescence Assay; bacteria; biocontamination; biodeterioration; biomass; capture solution; cellular; extracellular; fuel; fungi; hydrophilic particles; luciferin; luciferase; luminometer; microbe; microbiology; Relative Light Unit (RLU); |
1.1 This test method provides a protocol for capturing, concentrating, and testing the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) present in a fuel system sub-sample (that is, test specimen) associated with:
1.1.1 Microorganisms and hydrophilic particles found in liquid fuels as described in Table X6.1, or
1.1.2 Microorganisms and hydrophilic particles found in mixture of fuel and associated bottom water or just associated bottom water.
1.1.3 ATP detected by this bioluminescence test can be derived from cellular ATP, extra-cellular ATP, or some combination of both.
1.1.4 Cellular and extra-cellular ATP utilized to perform ATP bioluminescence are captured and concentrated from a fuel system sample into an aqueous test specimen (that is, sub-sample) for testing. For example, for a fuel system sample that does not contain any visible fuel associated bottom water, the aqueous test specimen is the capture solution itself described in 8.2.1.1. For fuel system samples that are a mixture of fuel and associated bottom water (that is, free water), the test specimen is an aliquant of the capture solution and associated bottom water.
1.2 The ATP is measured using a patented bioluminescence enzyme assay, whereby light is generated in amounts proportional to the concentration of ATP in the sample. The light is produced and measured quantitatively using dedicated ATP test pens2 and a dedicated luminometer2 and reported in (instrument specific) Relative Light Units.
1.3 This test method is equally suitable for use in the laboratory or field.
1.4 Although bioluminescence is a reliable and proven technology, this method does not differentiate ATP from bacteria or fungi.
1.5 For water or capture solution samples, the concentration range of ATP detectable by this test method is 1 × 10–11 M to 3 × 10–8 M which is equivalent to 1 × 10–14 moles/mL to 3 × 10–11 moles/mL for water samples or capture solution. Assuming testing on fuel phase is performed on a 500 mL volume of fuel the equivalent concentrations is fuel would be: 6 × 10–11 M to 2 × 10–14 M.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6.1 There is one exception—Relative Light Unit (RLU) as defined in 3.1.19.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.