This document specifies a methodology for the characterization of mortars by using the most appropriate analytical techniques on samples taken from cultural heritage structures and objects. This document contains guidelines for the selection of methods to determine mineralogical, textural, physical, chemical and mechanical properties of mortars used in cultural heritage structures and objects. This information is used to define mortar typology and to evaluate the mortar condition with respect to its conservation as well as for understanding of the ongoing deterioration processes.