ASTM D4177-22E01 - Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
| Standard number: | D4177-22E01 |
| Released: | 01.07.2022 |
| Status: | Active |
| Pages: | 49 |
| Section: | 05.02 |
| Keywords: | acceptance tests; automatic petroleum sampling; controllers; extractor; intermediate sampling container; isokinetic sampling; mixing elements; portable samplers; primary sample container; probe; representative sampling; representative sampling criteria; slip stream sample loop; sample mixing; sampling handling; stream conditioning; |
1.1 This practice describes general procedures and equipment for automatically obtaining samples of liquid petroleum and petroleum products, crude oils, and intermediate products from the sample point into the primary container. This practice also provides additional specific information about sample container selection, preparation, and sample handling. If sampling is for the precise determination of volatility, use Practice D5842 (API MPMS Chapter 8.4) in conjunction with this practice. For sample mixing and handling, refer to Practice D5854 (API MPMS Chapter 8.3). This practice does not cover sampling of electrical insulating oils and hydraulic fluids.
1.2 Table of Contents:
|
| Section |
| INTRODUCTION |
|
| Scope | 1 |
| Referenced Documents | 2 |
| Terminology | 3 |
| Significance and Use | 4 |
| PART I–GENERAL |
|
| Representative Sampling Components | 5 |
| Design Criteria | 6 |
| Automatic Sampling Systems | 7 |
| Sampling Location | 8 |
| Mixing of the Flowing Stream | 9 |
| Proportionality | 10 |
| Sample Extractor Grab Volume | 11 |
| Containers | 12 |
| Sample Handling and Mixing | 13 |
| Control Systems | 14 |
| Sample System Security | 15 |
| System Proving (Performance Acceptance Tests) | 16 |
| Performance Monitoring | 17 |
| PART II–CRUDE OIL |
|
| Crude Oil | 18 |
| PART III–REFINED PRODUCTS |
|
| Refined Products | 19 |
| KEYWORDS |
|
| Keywords | 20 |
| ANNEXES |
|
| Calculations of the Margin of Error based on Number of Sample Grabs | Annex A1 |
| Theoretical Calculations for Selecting the Sampler Probe Location | Annex A2 |
| Portable Sampling Units | Annex A3 |
| Profile Performance Test | Annex A4 |
| Sampler Acceptance Test Data | Annex A5 |
| APPENDIXES |
|
| Design Data Sheet for Automatic Sampling System | Appendix X1 |
| Comparisons of Percent Sediment and Water versus Unloading Time Period | Appendix X2 |
| Sampling Frequency and Sampling System Monitoring Spreadsheet | Appendix X3 |
| Sampling System Monitoring—Additional Diagnostics | Appendix X4 |
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or US Customary (USC) units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Except where there is no direct SI equivalent, such as for National Pipe Threads/diameters, or tubing.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.